Apparatus for forming concrete fabrics



M. L. LISOWSKI. APPARATUS'FOR FDRMiNG CONCRETE FABRICS. APPucATloN mansans'. 1917. 1,33026, l Patented Feb. 10,1920! HEETS EET l.

M. L( LlsowsKl. APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCREI'E FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5. 1917.

50 Paten Feb. 10, 1920.

Ens-SHEET `2.

INVENTOR WITNQSS:

MARYAN L. msoWsKI, or cnaNFoRD, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR FORM-ING CONCRETE FABRICS.

Specification ot Letters latent.

Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

Application filed September 5, 1917. Serial No. 189,894.

...'I'o l whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Manns L, Lisowski, a citizen of the-Un1ted States,residing in Cranford,.in the county of Union and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 4Apparatus forAForming Concrete Fabrics, of which the following 1s a specification. 'i

This invention relates to apparatus for use'in, the construction ofbuildings,I columns, girders, floors and other fabrics, of 'plasticmaterial and, particularly, has reference to 'pparatushaving collapsible.or knoclbdnx characteristics capable of bein shaped tj. ny form desiredand extender ,to any degree desired, and to have a variety ofpredetermined structural featm'es of novelty.

Among the objects of my invention may be noted the following: toproif'ide separable or collapsible and relatively adjustable formsadapted lto the construction of beams, girders, floors, slabs, colun'msfor buildings vand other fabrics; to provide a combination of forms,braces and tying members capable of being adjusted and readily separatedfor knock-down purposes and adapted for the uses heretofore noted; toprovide forms for plastic-material which are simple in construction,strong, durable and effective in use to save time, material and labor inthe construction of various fabrics, such as noted in the foregoing; toprovide forms for plastic material, adapted for many uses, which areeconomical and capable of being quickly set up and knocked down and usedfor different forms of structures in the same building or fabric or inindependent fabrics; to provide' forms for plastic' l'naterial adaptedfor the uses and purposes hereinbefore Set forth which may be used overand' over again and the parts of which may be' quickly repaired and.replaced without unH due expense or delay; to provide improved means forconnecting the various elements of the apparatus rendering said elementsadjustable in different ang-ula; directions and capable of heiligquickly set u i or built in the forni desired to be given to tlieplastic material and quickly knocked down or stripped from the latterwhen it has become set; and to provide certain simple, econoniical,strong and durable features of construction of the. various parts ofthe'forms and connections enabling the latter to fulfil the objects setforth in the foregoing With the above objects in View and others\\'l-1ich'will be detailed during the course. of this description, myinvention consists in the parts, features, elements and combi- ,nationsthereof hereinafter ,described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood, l haye provideddrawings wherein:

Figure l is a sectional elevationof a fragment of forms and concreteconstruction, in this instance illustrating a Hoor of a building, andincluding th temporary sup- )orting structure `and forms made inaccordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the left end of the structure of Fig. llooking at the casing from the right side thereof;

Fig. 3' is anenlarged sectional view substantially on the line 3f3 ofFig. 2.;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing another forni. of my invention, theart illustrated being similar to that at t e left end of Fig. 1; v

Fig. is an enlarged sectional View substantially on -the line 5 5 ofFig. i;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of Fig. 7 looking lat theflatter from theright hand side, and

another form of my invention wherein the column to be constructed iscircular instead of angular, as in Figs. 6 and 7;

Fig. 11 is a section substantially on the line ll--ll of Fig. 10; and

Fig. 1 2 is an enlarged sectional detail also substantially on the line11-11 of Fig. 10.

Referring to the drawings and. particulari-y, to Figs. 1 to 3,inclusivefa suitable supporting structure is built up between thesuspension girders or I-beams, one of which is illustrated at the leftof Fig. 1, said supporting structure comprising cross-beams or timbers13, longitudinal beams or timbers lo thcrcmider, and upright's orsupports 17.

'0n the cross-beams 13 are laid any number of loose boards 14 which maybe desired or l required; and upon boardsl are laid Clt sheet.iron`plates or strips l5 upon which the plastic material is disposed,.asrequired. The cross-beanis or timbers i?, reach to within a shortdistance o't` the I-beanis on opposite sidesl thereof. and their endsare. connected by charmel irons 1 which constitute the supporting meansfor the formplates and 3 whichare. respectively7 connected to the outersides of the channel irons i by means ot bolts or other removabledevices. The, torni-plates 2 and 3 depend parallel with the adjacentI-beam and overlap the upright members ot' angular 'tormplates 5 and 4.the horizontal members ot which extend toward` and overlap. caen other.Thus. a verti -ally extensible, as well as laterally eXtensible.torni-casing is produced into which the plastic material is tilledaround the I-beam. ',l`o the bottom ol each ot the channel irons isdetachably bolted a depending brace-member the same extending parallelwith form-plates 2 and 3 and telescoping the U-shaped. in cross-section.brace-memlwrs T and ll. respectively. The member 7 has a flat extensionE), at a right-angle thereto telescoping thev horizontal U-shaped` incross-section. member S ot' the lnace-member ll. Theseveral memberst-78-fl and (3-11 are connected together detachably by means o'tl pinsl0 passing through registering and correspomling apertures in therespective members. thus enabling the members and ll to l i adjustedvertically on the members (i. and the members t5 and t) to be adjustedhorizontally relatively'. in order to correspond with the size and shapeot' the tormplates. as will be readily understood. To provide anauxiliary 'support tor the tormplates and brace-members.` l employ U-shaped wires 12 which are bent around the I-beam and the lower. treeendsot which are bent at an angle under the lower member- 8 and upwardlyparallel with the saine. as shown in Figs. l and 2. the same thussustaining a goodly portion otl the weight ot' the apparatus andrelieving the connecting pins and bolts of undue strain. Along thelength ot' the structure and ot the I-heams. viewing Fig. 2. it may benecessary to couple together a plurality ot form-plates andbrace-inemhers. in order to carry out lengthy work. To accomplish this.I provide coupling bars '2O which may be dctachably bolted to one ot'the channel irons within the channel, as shown at the right of Fig'. Q.and extended over into the channel ot an adjacent channel iron behindone or more angular guide members 21. which are bolted to the bottom otthe channel iron with sutlicient space between the sann and the web-otthe channel iron to enable the bars 20 to slide freely, but be heldsnugly. By this means more or less ot' endwise. adjustment ot theform-plates and brace-members can be complished. This torni of myapparatus is parti en la rl y ada p and incasing they girders or I-beamsupports. In Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown another form ot' my inventionwherein the transverse timbers 13. loose boards ll and channel irons lare all similar to they corresponding features ot' Fi l. Likewise. inthis figure7 the auxiliary or supporting wires 12. the I-beam, and thetorni-plates 2, 3. -l and 5 are the same .as in Fig. l. Instead ot'forming the brace-bars or members ot tlat metal, as in Fig. l, I haveshown the same as being formed ot circular. telescopic members Z2-23,2st-25. 2(3-27 and 28; that is to say7 the member 22 bolted or otherwisesecured to the adjacent channel iron 1 and telescopes the tubular member23. the latter two being adjustably I connected together bypins ll)passing through corresponding apertures in the members. The member 2t isright-angular in t'orm and l for floor construction telescopes themember 23 and also themember '25. connection and adjustment beingprovided t`or by pins l() passing through corresponding apertures in theparts. An angular member 2G. similar to 24. telescopes the members and2T. connection and adjustinentbeing provided by pins l() passing throughapertures in the members. 'lhe member 2S telescopes the member 27.adjustable connection being had by the pin 10 passing through yapertiresin the members. By this means adjustment in different angular directionscan be made t'or increasing both'the width and the depth ot' the mold.In this torni. I preferably apply between the torni-plates. and therespective brace-members about the same. beams or boards 29 which act asadditional stitfeners in case the cooperating members are spaced too tarapart. This gives stability to the torms and makes the apparatus veryrigid. In either form ot my invention the mold trame is composed ot themembers indicated by the reference numerals 2 to l1. inclusive. Figs. 'lto 3. inclusive` or the equivalent members iu Figs. 4' and 5. coupledwith brace-boards 2t) in the latter figures: and the horizontal' memberso't' the mold trame provide a plattorni t'or the members l and and theboards 29.

In Figs. G to t). inclusive. I hare shown another form ot my inventionwhereby I may Jform angular columns or beams. either with or withoutinterior Stiieners. Isuch as the V-shaped central. I-beam members.which. as shown. arebent longitudinally and placed with their verticestogether. Abtn these cent-ral stitteners I apply my right-angular in.cross-section and.tlie..jmem

bers of which overlap each other. wlierebv lform-plates 3P and 39, 40and ll. which are form-plates, l provide Y-shaped stillening beams orbraces, the prongs ot' which substantially parallel the respectiveformplates, and the webs 30 of which extend tangential .to Ithe anglesof the form-plates. ln this instance of my invention, the bracemernbersindicated at 31 and 32, and which .pass through apertures in the webs30, are

circular in form andare disposed at the angles ofv the frame or mold. Atopposite ends, the said members 5l and telescope 4nection with the Fig.4 form of my invention.l Longitudinal extensibility of the cornerbrace-members is provided 'for by the coupling bars 34,* Fig. G, whichare U- sliaped in cross-section and which embrace the Webs 30 of saidbrace members, being ctapled thereto at opposite ends by bolts or pins,ashereto'tore explained in connection with Fig. 2. It will thus be seenthat 'colr `ms, pillars and beams of angular form c i be produced fromplastic material through the medium of my apparatus with great facilityand economy ot time and labor, and that the apparatus can bc quickly setup and knocked down or stripped from the plastic material when 1t hasbecome set.

In Figs. '10, 1l and l2, l have shown a form of my invention capable ofproducing circular columns, pillars and beams, and therein the severalform-plates 36 are made' in the form of segments of a circle and of suchwidth as to enable them to be ovcrlapped for contraction and expansionin the same manner as described with reference to the other forms. Atthe center ol2 eachk of the form-plates, I provide longitudinal braceswhich are substantially T-shaped in cross-section, the webs 35 of 'whichare )rovidcd with slots or apertures, as shown in Fig. 10, through whichpass the bracemembers 3l' which encircle the form-plates, and, at theirends, overlap and are adjustably connected together by means ofapertures and pins or bolts, as heretofore explained.l The heads oi thelance-members, or those portions extending at a right-angle to the Websconform more or less to the form-plates 36 and operate to effectivelybrace the same vand hold them in place. lith this form ot my invention,it will be readily understood that l can make a pillar or column form otsubstantially any desired' diameter. Longitudinally ol the structure,the webs 35 should be coupled and adjustably connected through theInedium of U-shaped bars 34, as indicated in connection with Fig. G.

-From the foregoing detail description, the mode ot' operation will bereadily understood; that is to say, structural supports, such'as 17,lf3, 13, lll and 15 will be set up between girders or beams if aflooring is to be laid in buildings, and the channel irons l will be setin place as described. Then the supporting loops 12 will be laid overthe I-beams and the form-plates properly adjusted, whereuponthelbrace-members (i, 7 and 11 will be Set in place and properlyadjusted. The cement may now be poured or slioveled in and allowed toset. In forming a column, post or beam of angular term, such as shown inFigs.l 6; and 7, the structural iron cores, Whatever they may be, willbe surrounded with the.' formplates 38, 39, 40 and 4l., boards Q9 seb inplace, if it be desired to use the same, and then the cornerbrace-members set up and surrounding brace-members applied, as will bereadily understood, adjustments being made of the various form andbrace-members vto accord with Jdie size of structure desired. Theplastic material will then be pouredin, as shown; The same procedurewill take place with reference to the apparatus shown in Figs. l() and11, in'all instances longitudinal adjustments ot' the ln'ace-membersbeing accomplished through the medium ot the coupling bars 20er 34, as.the case may be. It will be seen from the structure and mode ofoperation described that, when the plastic material is poured into theIforms or molds, the latter will be forced downwardly or expanded totheir proper positions under the limitations imposed bytheln'ace-members of the apparatus, it being understood that theforinplates have no n'iechanical connection but overlap each otherloosely. Economy of time, labor and material are direct results oll theuse of my structures, which latter. comprises` theV automaticallyadjustable or extensible form-plates which are braced and lirmly heldwithin predetermined limits by the brace-members, and which latter maybe adjusted in different angular directions to increase or decrease thesize of the form and the structure to be produced therefrom. Theapparatus is also adjustable yior differences in distances betweengirders, uprights and length of girders; and any shape of column, beam,and any kind of straightaway or angular structures can be producedby theuse of my apparatus.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure'by Letters Patent is: v l

1. ln apparatus tor the purpose set forth,

l primary supporting means; primary `formplates secured to saidsupporting means and secondary form-platesarrangedin overlapping`'relation to the primary form-plates and to each other; primarybrace-members secured to said supporting means and secondarylnace-menibers arranged in overlapping relation to the primary membersand to each other. the brace-members being arranged to surround the formmembers;

and means for adjustably connecting the' brame-mend)ers so as topredetermine the size ofthe form and firmly support the latter.

ln combination with a fabric girder or support which is to besurroum'led or incased with plastic material. primary supportingmeans,`primaryY form-plates secured to said supporting means and secondaryform-plates arranged in overlapiiiwr relation to the primary-form-platesand to each other; primary brace-members secured to said supportingmeans and secondary bracemembers arranged in overlapping relation to theprimary members andto each other, the brace-members being arranged tosurround the form members; means for adjustably connecting thebrace-menibers so as to predetermine the size of the form and firmlysupport the latter; and auxiliary supporting' means connected to saidgirder and coperating with the brace-members to aid in the y supportofthe latter.

3. ln apparatus for the purpose set forth, primary supporting means:form bracing means secured to said Supporting means, comprising membersadjustable relatively in two di'llerent angular directions; formplatessupported by said primary supporting means and said bracing means andwithin the latter, said form-plates being automatically expansible inone direction to adapt lhemsel ves to the inside dimensions of thebracing means.

l. ln apparatus for the purpose set forth` form bracing means comprisinga plurality of members adjnstably connected together.; means enablingthe bracing members to be adjusted relatively in several differentangular directions; form-plates supported by said bracing means andinclosed by the latter, said form-plates being automatically movablerelatively to each other in different angular directions whereby toadapt themselves to' the inside dimensions of the bracing means.

ln apparatus for the purpose set forth, primary supporting means; formbracing means lsecured to said supporting means; form-plates supportedby the bracing means and held in position by the latter; and additionalbracing means cooperating with the forni-plates to sustain the latter atpoints' not engaged by the said forni-bracing means.

6. ln apparatus for the purpose set forth, primary supporting means;form bracing means; form-plates secured to the primary supporting meansand braee-n'iembers snrroundmg the form-plates: and means 'ller securingthe bracing means to the primary supporting means.

8. In combination with form-plates baving predetermined shapingcharacteristics for the plastic material and arranged in overlappingrelation: means surroimding the form-plates for bracing and supportingthe same, including means whereby the bracing means may be adjusted inseveral angular directions. the overlapping form-plates being' adaptedto expand or contract automatically when the bracing means are adjusted.c

9. ln combination, a plurality of form- 'plates arranged inpredetern'iined relation to shape the plastic material; bracing meanscomprising a. plurality of independent members adapted to cooperate withthe formplates to hold the same in predetermined relation, said bracingmeans extending about the form-plates at an angle to the length of the.latter; means by which the members of the bracing means ,may be adjustedrelatively in ditl'erent` angular directions; and, supporting means forthe bracingr means eX- tending at an angle to the latter.

l0. ln apparatus for the purpose set forth, apluralityof form-platesshaped to give the desired form to the plastic material, saidform-plates being adapted to be arvanged in overlapping relation: aplnralityof similar separable brace-members adapted to 'encircle theform-plates; means for detachably connecting the Ibrace-members, thestructure being such that the brace-members are interchangeable andquielrly'set up and knocked down.

1l. In apparatus for the purpose set forth, a plurality of form platesshaped to give the desired forni to the plastic material and adapted toprovide a maximum and a minimum size of form and to be arranged withtheir members in overlapping relation; a plurality of similar separablebrace members adapted to encircle the form pla-tes; and means foradjustably securing the brace members together so as to correspond with,

the size of form made by the form plates, and including means fordetachably connecting the brace members, the structure being such thatthe brace n'ieinbers are interchangeable and quickly set up or knockeddown.

12. ln apparatus a Jframe forming; part concrete about a beam or girderin a fabricated structure, said 'iframe having a platform to support abrace board of the form and two members at an yangle to said plat form;a pair ot members parallel with the 'frame members; means for adjustingthe frame members relatively to the parallel members; and means forsuspending said frame beneath the beam or girder.

13. In apparatus for the purpose set forth, a pair of. oppositelysupported channel irons; a )lurality of form members shaped to give thedesired form to the plastic material, said form members each having aplatform and members at an angle to said platform; members cooperativelyconnected with the form members and supportedirom the channel irons;side Wall members supported on the form; and means lor suspending: saidform members beneath the beam or f rder. v i

Il. Apparatus for the purpose described comprisingr a U-shaped braceInen'iber, the base of which is flattened and the arms of which areprovided with a plurality o apertures; angle-members adjustubly securedto said arms through the medium of said aperlfor the purpose set forth,of a mold ,to shape tures; form-plates adapted to be supported betweenthe arms of said brace member; forni members adapted to be supportedupon the flattened base or' said brace member; and means whereby theentire structure may be secured to a beam or girder.

l5. Mln apparatus lor use in a. system er concrete construction, thecombination or a plurality of column beams arranged. relatively vtoproduce the core of the form desired; relativel)v adjustable angularmeans spanning the space between the beams and closing the sidesthereof, regardless of the size of the form, within predeterminedlimits; brace members, and means for securingf them about the structure;and, angle-irons secured to the several brace members at the angles ofthe spanning means and adapted to cooperate with the latter.

1G. ln apparatusI for use in a system of concrete construction, thecombination ol a plurality ol column beams arranged relativel)v toproduce the form desired; automatically adjustable means for closing thespaces between the beams, regardless of the size et' the term, withinpredetermined liml its; brace members applied to the foregoingstructureincluding means for securing them adjustablv together and upon saidstructure; angular members adallited to lbe appliedto the several.corners of the structur\; and means Jf'or securing said angular membersin place.

M. L. LLSOVJSKI.

